The first two columns are taken from a table entitled "The Rationale for an Areal Division of Governmental Powers within the Modern Democratic State" on p. 32 of:

Ylvisaker, Paul. 1959. Some criteria for a "proper" areal division of governmental powers. Area and Power,A Theory of Local Government, Arthur Maass (Ed.). Glencoe, IL: The Free Press.
 

Basic Values	Advantages of Federalism	Problems of Federalism
LIBERTY Constitutionalism, with a goodly admixture of laissez-faire	• providing more points of access  • giving minorities governmental positions and power  • keeping government close to its origins and officials within reach  • providing a system of countervailing power  • localize ills which may beset the body politic	• allowing "stable majorities" i.e. tyranny of a majority or other faction: Madison's concern, (for further information) 10th Federalist Paper
EQUALITY Especially as embodied in it corollary of democracy and the axiom of wide-scale participation	• barrier to concentration of power  • additional opportunities for participation  • further assurance of responsiveness, flexibility, energy, collective wisdom, consent, and loyalty	• unequal distribution of resources across the sub-units of government
WELFARE Service	• additional assurance that demands will be heard and needs will be served	• inefficiencies due to scale and duplication  • lack of capability (e.g. defense, monetary policy) if decentralization is extreme